Virtual museum of Russian aggression.

Virtual museum of Russian aggression.

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(Im)personal story of resistance

I approached the soldier and asked who the senior was. I was shown a short man in a black bulletproof vest. I approached him and said: “I wish you good health. My name is Serhii. A peaceful rally will now take place. I ask you not to react to possible provocations. People need to shout out and express their position. That is what we do here“. He nodded his head, they manhandled me and took me away. I still remember their eyes. It was like I was in a zoo

Serhii Pavliuk, interview given to Ivan Antypenko

Serhii Pavliuk is director of the Kherson Regional Academic Music and Drama Theater named after Mykola Kulish, Merited Artist of Ukraine. In the evening of February 23, 2022, he was returning home after his 145th premiere. The director had been working on the play «Eternity and One Day» for several years, since the «pre-Covid-19» period. Serhii arrived to his the newly purchased house, celebrated the premiere and went to bed.


In the morning, his wife called him and said that the war had started. He went outside and saw a column of smoke over Chornobayivka, located a few kilometers away. Serhii moved the family from the apartment to the house and went to register at the municipal guard.
At that time, there were almost no policemen and other law enforcement officers left in Kherson, so the locals united to patrol the city, monitor public order and deliver humanitarian aid.
Meanwhile, Russian occupation troops began rolling into the city. In the first days of the occupation, as a result of the shelling of Kherson, the facade and interior of the shopping and entertainment center «Fabryka» were burned, and the pavilions on the Central Market were partially burned down. One projectile hit the school № 24, another hit a house on Tarle Street in the Tavriyskyi microdistrict. Some shops were looted. The building of the regional office of the Security Service of Ukraine, which later housed representatives of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation and the Russian military, was fired upon.


On March 3, 2022, information was published in the media that the Russians plan to bring humanitarian aid to Kherson in order to film a video for the Russian television, as they are allegedly welcomed by the locals. At the same time, on March 4, 2022, the head of the Kherson State Administration reported that the occupiers did not agree to the «humanitarian corridor» for the delivery of humanitarian aid from the Ukrainian authorities


On March 4, 2022, disruptions with mobile communications began to occur in the city. That day, the people of Kherson spontaneously gathered near the «Ukraine» cinema to protest against the Russians. Compared to subsequent rallies, there were not many people on the square. However, the attempt to prepare material for the Russian propaganda was unsuccessful as well: the people of Kherson mostly ignored the Russian humanitarian aid. Some of them deliberately destroyed Russian goods directly on the square, showing contempt for the occupiers.
During the improvised rally, one of its participants suggested gathering at the same place on March 5, 2022 at 10:00 AM. Serhii Pavliuk witnessed this conversation.

I decided to record a video to publish at home, because there was no connection. Then I saw a guy talking on the phone. It turned out that the "Life" mobile operator was working. The guy was sharing the internet connection. I went live and said: Please, whoever wants to, we will meet here, on Freedom Square, on March 5, and we will be telling these douchebags to go away

Serhii Pavliuk, interview given to Ivan Antypenko

It was the announcement of one of the most massive pro-Ukrainian rallies in Kherson in the spring of 2022, which instantly spread even outside of Ukraine.

Mass protest, interrogation and the first shots

On March 5, 2022, several thousand people with Ukrainian symbols gather on Freedom Square. Armed Russian soldiers stand opposite them. The people of Kherson watched the news, expected the return of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, but decided to show their position right now.


Feeling responsible because of his appeal to come to the square, Serhii Pavliuk approaches the Russian soldiers in the morning of that day. He wants to explain that this is a peaceful rally, people have come to express their position, they do not seek bloodshed. He is illegally detained and taken to the building of the Kherson Regional State Administration. This is when the interrogation begins.
The man is accused of working for the Security Service of Ukraine, of inciting people to go to the streets. The Russians also threaten Pavliuk and his family with physical violence, and, in case of cooperation, offer to take them to Crimea. Ultimately, Pavliuk's passport, phone and power bank were taken away. At that moment, shots are heard in the street. The interrogation ends, Sergey is thrown out into the street. When the doors of the Regional State Administration opens, the man sees a crowd of thousands with Ukrainian flags on the square.
Later it turns out that the shooting started because some guy ran up to the Russian soldiers and allegedly threw something at them. The occupiers twisted him and knocked him to the ground. People rushed to save him, and the Russians began shooting in the air. One bullet ricocheted into the leg of a priest who was at the rally. Luckily, it was just a scratch.
Demonstrators began more and more eager to protest. People shout anti-Russian slogans, sing songs, come closer to the occupiers, express their dissatisfaction with their presence in Ukraine.

At a certain point, it becomes difficult to restrain people. Activists offer to hold a walk of unity: along Ushakova Avenue, Perekopska Street to the Park of Glory. Thus, the protest becomes audible and visible far beyond the borders of Freedom Square. Later it will become a tradition of rallies.

Despite the prohibition to walk in groups introduced by Russians, the people of Kherson show bravery and en masse go to the central square of the city. Residents from all over the city, pensioners, young people, and families with children flock to the rally. During the movement of Russian military equipment, a local man climbs onto the occupiers' armored personnel carrier and unfolds the Ukrainian flag from it on the move.
Footage of the Kherson rally held on March 5, 2022 quickly circulate in Ukrainian and foreign media. After this event, many demonstrators decide to gather on Freedom Square every day. Although daily protests will not be as massive as on weekends.
A wave of rallies will sweep through the cities and villages of the region: Nova Kakhovka, Kakhovka, Gola Prystan, Skadovsk, Novotroitske, Henichesk, Oleshky, Bilozerka and others. People will go out with national symbols, and when they meet with the Russian military, they will demand them to leave.


Rallies that gather thousands of Ukrainians and Russian repression

Meanwhile, the Russians and local collaborators continue to track down active participants of the rallies. According to Pavliuk, there are cases of people being detained after protests.
On Sunday, March 13, 2022, the day of the historic liberation of Kherson from the Nazis in the Second World War, a rally of several thousand is held on Freedom Square.

It was something incredible. Although we agreed not to come, everyone came anyway. When we met the orc column on Perekopska Street, shots rang out. I admire our people, but they did not run away, but began to shout various insults at the occupiers. They are shot over their heads, and they move forward

Serhii Pavliuk, interview given to Ivan Antypenko

A video published by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine shows Russian soldiers opening fire on protesters as they chant: «A Russian soldier is a fascist and an occupier».  Citizens did not hide their faces, they were not afraid of anyone, although they were often kidnapped after rallies. 

There were many people who replaced each other. We would come and find out that someone had been taken, but another would take his place. The Russians cannot understand that we did not have organizers. Everyone is a leader here. The people of Kherson showed unity and stance

Serhii Pavlyuk, interview given to Ivan Antypenko

On the same day, the occupiers try to hold their own rallies, but they do not have the sufficient support of the residents of the city.
After that, even more brutal repression unfolds in the city. The occupiers hunt former and active-duty Ukrainian military personnel, defense forces, law enforcement officers, and people with an active civic position.
In March, Ukrainian activists were reported to be kidnapped by the Russian military in the Kherson region.
On March 12, 2022, journalist Oleg Baturin and activist, veteran Serhii Tsygipa disappeared. Later, Oleg will be released from captivity, and Serhii will be reported to be in the pre-trial detention center in the temporarily occupied Simferopol.


On March 16, 2022, the occupiers kidnap Dmytro Vasiliev, the secretary of the City Council of Nova Kakhovka, and Oleksandr Yakovlev, the mayor of Skadovsk, with his deputy, Yurii Paliukh. Later they will be released from captivity.
Later in March, people continue to disappear: Maksym Negrov - Kherson public figure, veteran; Oleksandr Knyga - director of the Kherson Regional Theater; Viktor Kudlay - director of the Chornian Lyceum; Serhiy Chudynovych - a priest of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine, and many others. The Russian military conducts illegal searches in the homes of Kherson residents in order to identify military servicemen, employees of the State Security Service, police, and members of the territorial defense. Participants of anti-Russian rallies are also kidnapped. 
On March 19, 2022, the house of Serhii Pavliuk was also searched. Threats against him will continue in April as well, so he is forced to leave the city to save his family.
The people of Kherson have not stopped expressing their Ukrainian position during all this time. While under occupation, people publicly speak out against the invaders on social networks, billboards with anti-Russian slogans, chaotic anti-war graffiti and graffiti in support of Ukraine appeared in the city. Every weekend people go to the rallies with national symbols and posters. 


One of the notable protests is taking place on March 20, 2022. People again go to the center of the city, to the Freedom Square. When the demonstrators approached the memorial of the Heroes of the Heavenly Hundred and began to wash it of paint, consequence of Russian vandalism, the occupiers used weapons. These stun grenades and gas grenades caused trauma and injuries to the citizens of Ukraine.
After the violent dispersal of protesters on March 21, 2022, a pre-trial investigation into violation of the laws and customs of war was initiated under the procedural guidance of the Kherson Regional Prosecutor's Office (part 1 of Article 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine).

P.S.

Physical violence will make Kherson residents less likely to go to the Freedom Square. They will try to gather on the square near the Yuvileyny cinema, and on April 3, 2022 - near the Shevchenko bust on Tekstylnykiv Avenue. The figure of Taras Shevchenko will traditionally unite Ukrainians in different corners and at different stages of this war. 
Another violent dispersal of demonstrators in Kherson will take place on April 27, 2022. The Russian military will use tear gas and stun munitions against the civilian population. According to preliminary data, four civilians were injured. These acts are also qualified as violations of the laws and customs of war. A pre-trial investigation is ongoing. The phenomenon of mass resistance in the occupied city, the struggle of Ukrainian flags against Russian machine guns united not only the people of Kherson, but also residents of other regions. Thousands of rallies, as before, proved that Ukrainian population is not happy with the Russian occupiers and is waiting for liberation. 
Russians will be able to stop peaceful protests in Kherson and the region by employing violent methods, but the protest mood will persist in various spheres of public life, wherever the occupiers try to penetrate. Education, culture, communal services, puppet "government" or "police" bodies - these spheres in the temporarily occupied Kherson Region will never work as the invaders wanted. The Ukrainian military will liberate the regional center in eight months.

Ivan Antypenko

Organization represented by the author

Sources

Інтерв’ю Сергія Павлюка Івану Антипенко Згоріла ТРЦ «Фабрика» після обстрілу. 21.03.2022, Вгору. На Херсонщині зник мобільний зв’язок. 04.03.2022, Українська правда. У Херсоні протестували проти фейкової гуманітарки Путіна. 04.03.2022, LB.ua Окупанти не дали добро на зелений коридор для Херсонщини, – Лагута. 04.03.2022, LB.ua. Також росіяни погрожують Павлюку та його родині фізичною розправою, а в разі співпраці пропонують вивезти їх до Криму. 05.03.2022, Крим.Реалії Вторгнення РФ | Як Херсон вигризає свою землю в окупантів – про мітинг і ситуацію в місті від очевидців. Ліга.life, 06.03.2022 Генеральний штаб ЗСУ. 13.03.2022 У Херсоні тисячі людей вийшли на мітинг проти окупанта, росіяни відкрили вогонь. Українська правда, 13.03.2022 Викрадення на півдні України. Кого переслідує Росія? Радіо Свобода, 29.03.2022. Обстріл окупантами учасників проукраїнського мітингу в Херсоні – розпочато провадження. Херсонська обласна прокуратура, 21.03.2022. У Херсоні в людей, які вийшли на мирний мітинг, стріляли російські військові. Суспільне, 21.03.2022. У Херсоні на мирному мітингу війська рф застосували силу, є постраждалі. Укрінформ, 21.03.2022. Черговий насильницький розгін окупантами учасників проукраїнського мітингу в Херсоні – розпочато провадження. Херсонська обласна прокуратура, 27.04.2022.
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